Chemo Drugs

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Dactinomycin (Actinomycin-D, Cosmegan)

What Does It Look Like?

Yellow liquid

How Is It Given?

Intravenous (vein)

Why Am I Taking It?

Dactinomycin is an anti-cancer drug that stops cell growth and division. It is used to treat several different types of cancer, including Kaposi's sarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, melanoma, and testicular cancer.

What Side Effects May Occur?

You may experience some, all, or none of those listed. Most side effects do not last long. Tell the doctor or nurse about any that you notice. The information here does not include all possible side effects; others may occur. Please report any problems to your doctor.

Low Blood Counts

• A drop in blood cell counts, especially white blood cells and platelets usually occurring 7-10 days after treatment.
• Blood tests will be done to monitor your blood cell counts.
• Call your doctor if you notice any signs of bleeding or infection. Avoid situations where you may be exposed to people with infections.

Nausea, Vomiting, Appetite Loss

• May be severe. Usually starts a few hours after the drug is given and may continue for up to 20 hours afterwards.
• Medications will be available to help control the nausea and vomiting.
• May cause diarrhea. Tell the doctor if the diarrhea continues or if you notice blood in your stools or they are tarry. Drink 2-3 quarts of fluid a day to prevent dehydration.
• May cause sores in your mouth or throat. Inspect your mouth daily. Rinse after meals and at bedtime with a mild salt-water solution. Call the doctor if you notice any sores or bleeding in your mouth.

Hair Loss

• May affect both head and body hair.
• Hair will grow back after therapy with Dactinomycin is finished.

Skin Reactions

• May cause an acne-like skin, redness, increased pigmentation (color) of your skin, especially on areas that have received radiation therapy.
• Pain and swelling at the IV site if Dactinomycin leaks out of the vein.
• Tell the nurse immediately if you notice any pain or stinging at the IV site.

Liver and Kidney Function

• May cause problems with how your kidneys and liver work. Blood will occasionally be drawn to check their function.
• Call your doctor if your urine becomes unusually dark or if your skin or eyes appear yellow.

Joints

• Pain in your joints may occur.
• Medication will be available to control this if it occurs.

Special Notes

Changes in your menstrual cycle or sperm count may occur. Discuss birth control measures with your doctor as it is not advisable to conceive or to father children while taking this drug.